Metal-ion Interactions with Sugars: Crystal Structure of Bis(4-dehydro-L-arabinose) Calcium Methanol Bishydrate

The crystal structure of the metal-organic frame Ca(C5H9O5)2·CH3OH·2H2O(1) has been synthesized and characterized.Complex 1 belongs to a tetragonal P43212 space group.In complex 1,the sugar moiety shows a beta-L configuration of pyranose form.The calcium(Ⅱ) is eight-coordinated,binding to four such sugar moieties,via O(1),O(2) of two molecules and O(3),O(4) of the other two,with the 4-hydroxy group being deprotonated.The water and methanol molecules are not coordinated to the calcium ion.     

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Properties of a New Cd(Ⅱ) Complex Based on Mixed 5-Hydroxy-isophthalic Acid and 1-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)-3-(4H-tetrazol-5-yl)benzene Ligands

A new coordination polymer [Cd2(5-IPA)(HL)2(H2O)2]·4H2O(1) was prepared under hydrothermal conditions based on 5-hydroxy-isophthalic acid(5-H2IPA) with multi-N-donor ligand 1-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)-3-(4H-tetrazol-5-yl)benzene(H2L). The complex was characterized by IR spectroscopy, TGA, X-ray powder and single-crystal diffraction. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group C2/c with a = 23.6291(18), b = 9.9847(8), c = 17.7244(14) ?, β = 124.6180(10)?, V = 3441.4(5) ?3, Z = 4, C28H30N12O11Cd2, Mr = 935.44, Dc = 1.805 g/cm3, μ = 1.313 mm-1, S = 1.055, F(000) = 1864, the final R = 0.049 and w R = 0.1315 for 2985 observed reflections(I 2σ(I)). The central metal Cd(II) atoms with octahedral coordination geometry are six-coordinated by three oxygen and three nitrogen atoms. The HL- ligands from the deprotonated H2 L connect Cd(II) atoms to form two-dimensional(2D) double-layer fes networks which are further pillared by 5-IPA2- ligands into a rare binodal(3, 4)-connected three-dimensional(3D) architecture with a(4·6·8)(4·62·83) fsc-3,4-C2/c topology. Solid state luminescent property and sorption property of 1 have been investigated.     

N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Enantioselective α‐Fluorination of Aliphatic Aldehydes and α‐Chloro Aldehydes: Synthesis of α‐Fluoro Esters,Amides, and Thioesters

The asymmetric fluorination of azolium enolates that are generated from readily available simple aliphatic aldehydes or α‐chloro aldehydes and N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) is described. The process significantly expands the synthetic utility of NHC‐catalyzed fluorination and provides facile access to a wide range of α‐fluoro esters, amides, and thioesters with excellent enantioselectivity. Pyrazole was identified as an excellent acyl transfer reagent for catalytic amide formation.     

Silicification‐Induced Cell Aggregation for the Sustainable Production of H2 under Aerobic Conditions

Photobiological hydrogen production is of great importance because of its promise for generating clean renewable energy. In nature, green algae cannot produce hydrogen as a result of the extreme sensitivity of hydrogenase to oxygen. However, we find that silicification‐induced green algae aggregates can achieve sustainable photobiological hydrogen production even under natural aerobic conditions. The core–shell structure of the green algae aggregates creates a balance between photosynthetic electron generation and hydrogenase activity, thus allowing the production of hydrogen. This finding provides a viable pathway for the solar‐driven splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen to develop green energy alternatives by using rationally designed cell–material complexes.     

阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺与阳离子表面活性剂的相互作用

采用自由基水溶液共聚法制备了带有负电荷的水溶性聚丙烯酰胺,研究了水溶液中聚合物与阳离子表面活性剂的相互作用及所导致的水溶性、黏度和流变学性质的变化,为进一步研究驱油提供了理论基础.     

蒽醌类亲脂性阳离子的合成及抗癌活性

合成了7个大黄素季铵盐、2个芦荟大黄素季铵盐、1个水溶性大黄素季铵盐和1个α-萘酚醌苯基甲烷季铵盐化合物,并测试了其抗癌活性.含有1条长碳链的大黄素季铵盐的抗癌活性很低,但是含有2条长碳链的大黄素和芦荟大黄素季铵盐的抗癌活性较好.用亲水性的长链替代季铵盐中亲脂性的长碳链会导致大黄素季铵盐失去抗癌活性.α-萘酚醌苯基甲烷季铵盐显示了中等的抗癌活性,表明在具有电子传递能力的分子中引入亲脂性的长碳链季铵盐可以增加其抗癌活性.     

吡喃木糖和O-乙酰基吡喃木糖热解形成羟基乙醛的机理研究

以半纤维素主要成分木聚糖的两种单体--吡喃木糖和O-乙酰基吡喃木糖为模型化合物,运用密度泛函理论(DFT),采用B3LYP方法和6-31+G(d,p)基组进行计算,研究了吡喃木糖热解形成HAA的6条可能的反应路径和O-乙酰基吡喃木糖热解形成HAA的3条可能的反应路径。由此确定了吡喃木糖热解形成HAA的最优路径为:吡喃木糖首先开环得到链式木糖,然后C3羟基和C2氢脱水,随后经重排和逆醇醛缩合反应生成包含C4/C5的HAA;该路径的决速步骤为脱水反应,能垒为253.3 kJ/mol。O-乙酰基吡喃木糖热解形成HAA的最优路径为:O-乙酰基吡喃木糖首先支链断裂脱出乙酸(AA),开环后的链式中间体经氢转移反应得到包含C4/C5的HAA;该路径的决速步骤为最后的氢转移反应,能垒为317.6 kJ/mol。     

促进学生化学学科核心素养发展的“铁盐和亚铁盐”的单元教学

设计了“铁盐和亚铁盐”的单元教学,以“探究硫酸亚铁的性质”和“线路板腐蚀液的研究”为核心任务,把铁盐与亚铁盐的性质、Fe²⁺和Fe³⁺的相互转化等核心知识贯穿其中,建立从物质类别、元素价态视角研究物质性质及转化的思路方法,促进多维度化学学科核心素养的融合发展。经过多轮次教学改进,结合教学实践过程及其教学效果抽提出“注重应用无机物的认识模型,重点把握研究物质性质的角度和思路”“抓住典型活动,培养学生的关键能力”“设计开放性任务,通过有效的师生对话进行诊断,外显问题解决思路”等教学策略。     

基于受众的多形式多维度化学科普新模式的探索与实践*

根据化学科普现状,探索和实践了一套化学科普新模式,即:针对受众、量体裁衣、深挖项目、以点带面。以“黄金雨”科普项目为例简要介绍新模式的实施,并重点讨论了重金属的毒性以及循环回收和利用,提升大众对绿色化学、环保和可持续发展的认知。项目对不同层次人群的具体科普实践也收到了很好的反馈。